Nonprofit Leadership and Management - Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Nonprofit Leadership and Management. Answer: Introduction Leadership is an essential aspect that enables a person, who performs the role of a leader and gets the work done by another person within the organisation. The leadership activities managed by a leader within a business organisation include creating a vision of the future that can help in guiding the employees in the right direction. Leaders also motivate and encourage them by lifting their morale and enthusiasm to perform better according to the vision and mission statement of the organisation. The leaders also manage the development of a team, enable training sessions for improving their skills and knowledge and furthermore allow them to accomplish the goals and objectives with ease and effectiveness (Aaker Joachimsthaler, 2012). For creating a vision, the leaders within the business organizations focus on the strengths and weaknesses of the company by utilizing the SWOT analysis, Porters five forces analysis, PEST analysis, etc. It can help in analysing the present situation of the business and develop strategies based on that for becoming successful in the future market place. The leaders also test the vision by conducting appropriate market researches and assess the risks with the use of Scenario analysis technique (Antonakis, 2017). Leadership is a proactive thing present in individuals that can make an individual gain the ability to solve problems, focus on the future and ensure that the workers of the organization are kept motivated to perform efficiently and increase organizational production level. Leaders play the role of mentors who can motivate and encourage the individuals for delivering the vision that has been set by the organization and furthermore create link between two expectations. These ex pectations including the expectation of hard work from the employees to deliver positive outcomes and expectation of results that can make the workers obtain both monetary and non-monetary rewards and incentives are managed by the leader too (Avolio Yammarino, 2013). Within a work-related environment, the leaders have the duties of delivering the vision by identifying the key performance indicators and make sure that the employees are kept informed about these for successful fulfilment of organisational needs and living up to the organisational standards as well. An effective leader also manages his roles and responsibilities properly to develop a team, train it and make the team achieve the vision with ease. According to the Tuckmans model, the leaders manage the various approaches including the forming, storming, norming and performing to ensure that the team is developed properly and training is provided to the team members (Beck Cowan, 2014). The training and developmental ses sions would allow them to improve their skills and knowledge level and make them perform to their potential to contribute largely to the company where they had been working. Interviews conducted to demonstrate roles played by leaders One of the interviews that took place was the interview with Alan Joyce, CEO of Qantas Airways. The entire interview scenario was recorded by The Monday Interview, which showed that Alan Joyce had been quite focused on individual goals and objectives and he had the abilities and skills to perform aggressively with a vision in mind. The focus of Qantas Airways' CEO was to generate the maximum level of profit and ensure that the airline's company does not suffer from any loss in the future (Bolman Deal, 2017). Alan Joyce has managed to run Australia's largest flag carrier properly, and the interviews where he has been involved show that he is quite soft-spoken, though has the ability to make the company sustain in the competitive business environment. He has been registered in more than 80,000 media conferences and is one of the billionaires in Australia (Briggs, Morrison Coleman, 2012). Due to his immense contribution to the Airlines company, "Flying Kangaroo" is one of the most reputed brands and has even left behind Virgin Australia concerning revenue generation. When the company faced a huge problem due to the high price of fuel and high competition level, Alan Joyce, rather than criticising the business, faced the critics and provided the media with relevant answers related to the l the causes of such problems. Soon, his leadership skills and abilities marked the remarkable return of the company and Qantas generated a profit of more than A$206m (Colombini McBride, 2012). Alan Joyce has graduated from Dublin Institute of technology and Trinity College Dublin by studying BA and MSc respectively. According to him, the transformation program aimed to provide $2bn in cost cuts for managing proper cooperation between the management and union leaders. The employees were provided with good working conditions and this ensured better flexibility for transforming the comp any from good to best to deliver the best. In spite of being a gay chief executive, he thinks that it is not an issue and with the ever-changing global environment nowadays, he believes on focusing towards individual goals and objectives to become successful (Daft, 2014). The Australian tourism is one of the leading sectors where the leaders have played a major role in enhancing the organisational efficiency and keep the needs and preferences of the customers fulfilled. Because of the effective leadership skills and abilities, the tourism sector in Australia has managed to generate good amounts of revenue in business along with a huge customer base. An interview was conducted with the Tourism Australia managing director John O Sullivan to know the approaches and techniques followed by him as a leader to overcome challenges and measure the rate of return on investment derived from the social media efforts (DuBrin, 2015). The Managing Director of Tourism Australia has successfully managed to maintain the best quality of food and wine to keep the customers satisfied and thereby ensures that they look at the perception of Australia as a food and wine destination. When asked about any other themes that Tourism Australia has managed to focus on after cuisin e, John O Sullivan stated that they had plans of setting up hotels and restaurants near the Australian coastline for a series on the Great Barrier Reef as well. This would create a positive mindset among the customers as they could enjoy food and wine while being connected to the outside environment and experience a pleasant stay (Fransen, Weinberger Kirschner, 2015). Tourism Australia has been a leader in terms of social media strategy on the social networking websites. According to the responses of John, it could be demonstrated that he had used the social media strategies to attract more customers and make them know about the Australian tourism sector, furthermore create a leadership position with ease and efficiency (Goleman, Boyatzis McKee, 2013). Richard Umbers was appointed as the new CEO of Myers in Australia to manage approaches and act as an effective leader to appeal more customers. As a responsible leader, Richard Umbers has reformed the emotional connection of the customers with the business for ensuring that the retail store becomes successful in the future as well as appeal a large segment of customers to draw in more profit and even make the company gain the competitive advantage in business. According to him, customer engagement is essential, and this proves that he wants his workers to perform well to fulfill every needs and requirement of customers, as they are considered as the most important stakeholders in the business (Hackman Johnson, 2013). The primary reason for replacing the existing CEO, i.e., Bernie Brookes, was to generate more profit and enhance the sales. According to him, digital and online approaches are needed to be managed, which is possible by making investments to enhance the brand awareness, attract new customers as well as retain the existing ones. The new CEO of Myers, Australia, Richard Umbers also made sure that a senior professional and committed team should be developed for enhancing the effectiveness of the organisation and deliver positive outcomes in terms of business efficiently (Hargreaves Fink, 2012). Conceptualization of leadership according to the Organizational issues faced Just as it could be seen from the last interview with the CEO of Myers, the profit level and sales decreased largely, because of which, a new leader was appointed. The new leader of Myers, Richard Umbers decided to form a team consisting of skilled and knowledgeable workers who could contribute to the organisational effectiveness with ease and effectiveness. The major issue faced was the lack of professionalism and committed team members, due to which, they failed to move in the right direction by following the vision of the organisation. It was necessary to form an effective team, and it could be done by following the Bruce Tuckmans team formation model (Johnston Marshall, 2016). The model consists of various stages including the forming, storming, norming and performing. It shows that as the team develops various skills and abilities, the performances not only increase, but also relationships are established along with a change in styles of leadership to transform the company into something better and drive the sales revenue and profit level too. For the CEO of Myer, Australia, Tuckman's stages of group development would help to form a team and allow it to grow, face challenges, take risks, handle issues, find solutions, plan the approaches and finally deliver the outcomes (Lussier Achua, 2015). Qantas Airways faced a loss of $2.8 billion, according to the financial figures. The loss showed that the company did not have a proper long-term strategy and viability along with lack of investments made. The other issues are related to the ways or approaches by which Qantas Airways has appealed to the history to manage the regulatory environment. Due to the huge pre-tax loss of $646 million, there is need of making investments to deal with the higher share prices and maintain a stable financial condition too. There were also questions that arose on behalf of the CEO of the company, who was criticised about decisions taken by the gay CEO. On the other hand, Alan Joyce blamed the rising of fuel costs and made decisions to ensure that the company recover from its loss easily (Nahavandi, 2016). Joyce not only survived the criticism and handled the situation wisely, but also changed the foreign ownership restrictions. He brought a huge turnaround by delivering good financial results and implement strategies for managing the growth and development of business effectively. He focused towards the goals and objectives, which helped in taking the airlines and unions, and slowly the shares increased to more than $4, furthermore generating pre-tax earnings of $1.6 as well. The leader made transparent decisions to ensure that the services provided by the airline's company were effective and could keep the customers satisfied too (Northouse, 2015). Qantas Airways experienced lots f issues beyond the management control, and to deal with the issue, Alan Joyce acted as a responsible leader and made the workers understood the vision and mission of the organisation. Tourism in Australia is a very strong labour intensive business market where many opportunities are provided for employees. This sector is one of the fastest growing sectors that have provided jobs, though the individuals should possess good knowledge, skills and expertise. One of the major issues faced by the managing director John O' Sullivan was the lack of employment opportunities provided to the people of Australia, especially the youth segments, which not only deteriorated the effectiveness of the tourism sector but also created a negative impact on the economic growth of the country (Raes et al., 2015). To deal with these kinds of issues, John O Sullivan followed the democratic leadership style to ensure that all the responses of people were gathered and then a fruitful decision could be made. He also discussed openly these issues with the Government of Australia, because he was more focused on creating a good condition and ensured better labour productivity within the tourism and hospitality industry. The availability of skilled human resources is important for the success of a tourism development program, and the major issues that have arisen include unstable employment scopes, low job status, lesser wages paid to the employees and extended working hours (Reeves Ventura, 2012). Due to this, there had been a high turnover of staff, thereby making it more difficult for gaining success within the tourism and hospitality industry. Leadership practices and theories and impact on organizational success The Tuckmans team formation model consists of forming, storming, norming and performing, which can help to create a positive impact on the success of the organisation. Storming stage enables to make decisions and relationships are established between the team members, which can even result in facing various challenges while working as a team. Here, with the support and guidance of the leader, the members of the team would be able to gain clarity in their roles and responsibilities and furthermore focus on individual goals and objectives without being disturbed by emotional issues (Renz, 2016). Compromises are made for ensuring progress in the next stages. The norming stage is considered as one of the most important stages where agreements are made, and the consensus is formed between the team members and the roles of team members become clear and conscious. The decisions that are smaller have been delegated to the smaller teams, and strong bonding is formed, which allows for unity an d coordination to perform the tasks at a faster rate (Shapiro Stefkovich, 2016). Thus, the contribution of the leader is huge, and it promotes effective working conditions as well as manage the flow of processes within the organization with ease and effectiveness. The leader follows the situational leadership style where participation of the team members is needed because the leader mentors or coaches them (Spillane, 2012). The last stage is performing, where the team become more aware of the strategies and even understands the roles and responsibilities properly. The team follows a shared vision, and because of the skills and knowledge acquired, the involvement of the leader is not required. The members of the team make decisions by agreeing with the leader and team has achieved a high level of autonomy. As this is the last stage of the team formation model, misunderstandings and conflicts within the team are resolved, and the team will be able to work towards a common goal or objective (Tannenbaum, Weschler Massarik, 2013). The members of the team can even request for the guidance of the leader through the interpersonal development within the organisation. The leader also provided training programs to them so that their skills and knowledge could be improved and they could perform to their potential for making useful contributions to the organization. One of the leadership theories has been the trait theory that shows that people are born with inherited traits, and few traits are mainly suited for various kinds of leadership. The individuals who are capable of becoming good leaders have the right combination of traits, which make them differentiable from others. The leaders who can create a positive impact on the success of the organisation shall have good decision making skills, ability to work as a team and guide the team members in the right direction, remain persistent, self-confident, energetic and focused on the goals and objectives of the organization (Tourish, 2014). The leaders must have the skills to adapt to certain situations and work in an ambitious manner for ensuring achievements with ease and effectiveness. The leaders also must hold the trait of remaining self-confident to assess the views and opinions of the employees properly and ensure that a proper decision is made for the benefit of the company. The leaders m ust also be able to handle stressful situations and be creative, diplomatic, organized, persuasive and socially skilled in managing the workforce properly (van Es, 2012). Just from the case studies illustrated in the above sections, it could be understood that Richard Umbers, the CEO of Myers managed to form teams for enabling coordination and teamwork and allow them to contribute to the organisation by considering the vision and mission statement of the organisation. He followed the Tuckman's model of group development to form an effective team that would be capable of handling problems, plan for necessary approaches and find out the most relevant solutions to those problems. On the other hand, the loss faced by Qantas Airways was a major issue, and it was dealt by Alan Joyce by making necessary investments and even take support from the Government to manage the funding procedures and ensure delivery of good quality services to people (Ward, 2016). Conclusion The topic included the various concepts of leadership and ways by which leaders could act responsibly to overcome the issues experienced by the business organisations. The issues experienced within the organizations included lack of employment opportunities, investments, etc. and in order to deal with these specific plans are made to find solutions to the problems and deliver the most positive outcomes efficiently. Transparent and open decisions were made to overcome these issues and ensure proper control of management and administration within the organisation as well. Recommendations Few suitable recommendations are made for assisting the leaders to fulfill their roles and responsibilities properly. The major recommendations are: Leaders must focus on the various concepts of mentoring, teaching and coach the employees to make them move in the right direction as well as obtain the relevant knowledge required for accomplishing the work requirements with ease and effectiveness It is recommended for the leaders to make sure that the needs and requirements of the worker are fulfilled, and they are kept motivated so that they can perform to their potential For a leader, it is important to remain committed and clarify the leadership vision for identifying the areas that will be needed to be improved. The leader is recommended to develop emotional intelligence for focusing on the direct reports and collect feedbacks from the people informally for improving the areas that lacked certain strengths. 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